Home →
blog →
What iPS Mr. Yamanaka, Mr. Hanyu Triple Crown, Mr. Gonokami of the University of Tokyo, and President Son want to convey before the arrival of the AI era (full text) How will singularity change?
Solving business issues by integrating IT and management
What is Business + IT?
Login
E-mail newsletter registration
What is Business + IT?
Sales Strategy
Cost reduction
Organizational reform
Production / manufacturing
crisis management
compliance
Energy saving and environmental friendliness
By industry / scale
Core system
Information system
Operation management
Security
network
mobile
hardware
development
Related genres
What iPS Yamanaka, Hanyu Triple Crown, The University of Tokyo Gonokami, and President Son want to convey before the arrival of the AI era (full text)
How does the singularity change?
On February 10, a dialogue event entitled "To the Young People Who Create the Future" was held. The speakers were Masayoshi Son, the president of the SoftBank Group, who hosted the event, Shinya Yamanaka, the deputy representative director of the Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, and Shinya Yamanaka, the director of the University of Tokyo. Mr. Makoto Gonokami, the president in his thirties, and Mr. Zenji Hanyu, a council member and professional chessman. What kind of future should young people look at and what should they tackle now as humankind reaches the singularity (technological singularity)? We talked a lot based on each knowledge and experience.
One experiment in which Professor Yamanaka decided to "climb"
"How to do something different from others" is difficult in the flood of information
Experience that adults "abnormally complimented" when making strange things
Really new things are always useful
Phenomenon that when exposed to light, things cool instead of warming
It may be possible to make a machine by connecting aluminum and iron without using screws.
Why did you continue to play shogi when you were too weak?
Complimented experience, successful experience will be the driving force
I've been thinking about what kind of new experiment I'm going to do
Empathy with others is essentially important
Mr. Hanyu uses "right brain"
4 ways to create an unprecedented "new thing"
How will the world change in the future?
Information revolution is the ultimate power suit
12 risks for humankind, AI has the potential to solve the remaining 11 risks
What Does DNA Analysis Bring?What is needed for humanity
Artificial intelligence requires not only the engine but also the brakes
What kind of person do you want young people to become in the future?
Why you should go to the world from an early stage
What are the essential skills of people living in the future?
One experiment in which Professor Yamanaka decided to "climb"
Mr. Son: Thank you, teachers. Many people have come today before they became elementary school students, but how will they, who are still young and excellent, become adults in the future and use their excellent intelligence? I once said that the mountain you climb determines about half of your life. I think life is like climbing a high mountain, but once you start climbing, it's hard to go home. Life is really decided by deciding what your passion and what you will use your life for. In that sense, when did the teachers think about their current life, and how old did they think about it? And are you glad you chose that path? I would like to ask you about that as well. Mr. Yamanaka: I'm a researcher now, but it was too late to decide to do research or become a researcher, and I was already in my late twenties. At first, when I was a high school student, I wanted to be a doctor and a clinician, so I entered the medical school, but I had a very clear vision during college, and it was an orthopedic surgeon. Moreover, last year there was the Rio Olympics, and in 2020 it will be in Tokyo, but I think that if athletes are always playing sports, they may get injured or run too much and hurt their legs. Among the orthopedic surgeons, it is called sports medicine, which specializes in treating such athletes and has them return to the sports field, but I really admired such things and went to the medical school. I also played sports a lot. I actually became an orthopedic surgeon. I started my career as an orthopedic surgeon, but if I had been doing clinical research for a long time, there would be patients who had a slight bias in their knowledge, a biased way of thinking, and spinal cord injuries that could not be cured by clinical medicine alone. I was really interested in research. However, since I became a doctor soon, I was 25 to 6 years old, but at that time it was not clear whether I would proceed to research or whether I was in the original clinical practice. However, I entered graduate school with the intention of studying research, and the first experiment I did there, which decided my fate after that. Son: Is this your first experiment? Mr. Yamanaka: It was a simple experiment that I did only when I was the first graduate student, but the result was the exact opposite of what I expected. My reaction at that time was unexpected. I'm glad I was disappointed to see the opposite result, but I was very excited. I wonder why the opposite of what I expected would happen. I had an unexpected reaction, and at that moment I was suitable for a researcher. When I'm doing clinical work, I'm in trouble if I cover that kind of thing. It would be difficult if the medicine that I thought would work for the patient did not work. On the other hand, in research, it would be more fun if a lot of such things happened, and I think that the experiment decided my life after that. There were twists and turns after that, but I've been doing research all the time. But it was late, late 20s.
"How to do something different from others" is difficult in the flood of information
Mr. Son: What did you think you would be when you were in elementary school? Mr. Yamanaka: When I was in elementary school, I don't think it was clear. My dad was running a small town factory, and I was next to that factory, and at one point I lived on top of the factory, so I was surrounded by such machines and my dad was an engineer. There is no doubt that I was interested in machines and manufacturing from a young age. So, the university was a medical school, but when we started using computers and personal computers little by little, it wasn't about 1 million times as much as the previous chip, but since I was a university student, it's been a quarter of a century since now, 25. It was a year ago, so it was a language at the time of basic, but the way to remember the program I made is tape. I don't think everyone can believe it, but it's a real tape, and when you memorize it and take it back into your computer, it makes a sound. The sound of "pee, po, pa, po" is a record of a program made by a person. So, my dad was doing inventory management with a notebook at first, and it was difficult, so I also tried to be filial, so I made a basic and hard inventory management program with the first computer. It's an encounter. Son: How old were you? Mr. Yamanaka: I'm about 20 years old. At first it was a tape, but then it became a floppy disk. I thought, "This is amazing." When I became a doctor, I had a hard disk, which was about 5 megabytes or so. It was about 200,000 yen, but when I paid the intern's salary for the second month and bought the 5 megabyte hard disk, people around me said, "Mr. Yamanaka, this can be used for a lifetime." What should I do with my disc? " I can't believe the evolution of computers. So I think everyone now lives in a difficult time. When I was about the same as everyone else, I didn't have a computer, I didn't have the internet, I had a completely different feeling, the amount of information was very small, and no information about the world came in. In that sense, everyone is very blessed now, and on the contrary, I think it is a very difficult time to figure out how to do something different from others.
Experience that adults "abnormally complimented" when making strange things
Mr. Son: Thank you. How about Mr. Gogami? Mr. Gogami: The theme is "how to decide which mountain to climb", but I can't quite think of when I decided on the mountain. When I was little, I used to like making things, drawing pictures, and doing clay work, but the reason why I liked that was about 5 minutes on foot. The sculptor's teacher had an atelier where he could go. The teacher was a teacher who made abstract sculptures, so the sculptures didn't sell, and I think his wife was probably very hard, but when I went there, the teacher's friends gathered. , I always enjoy making things. It was a place where children from the neighborhood gathered and let them freely use the chisel and various tools used by professional sculptors. I think my parents thought it was emotional education and tried to go in and out of it, but the teachers are such people, so I don't teach anything. Make things as you like. I think you all have the experience of having adults around you praise what you make. If you make something weird, it doesn't mean anything to the average person, but when people with sensibilities like sculptors see it, they're impressed. And since I'm a kid, I get the illusion that I've done something amazing. I was definitely thinking of becoming an artist. I thought so, but as I grew up gradually, I realized that my natural talents matched. I liked art and that kind of thing, but it was only in junior high school and high school that I realized that I couldn't eat it for the rest of my life.
Really new things are always useful
Mr. Gogami: And what else I was doing at that time was that my dad happened to be an engineer, so at that time amateur radio was popular, and I was enthusiastic about radio, so I set up an antenna with my friends. And communicate. When I was in high school, my adviser teacher told me to stop because of thunder, but I ignored it and everyone set up a tent and communicated. At that time, I was quite interested in such physical phenomena, such as reading a little book because I was a high school student, as a child, about how radio waves are transmitted. However, when you go to university and try to do something specially, which is more important, the so-called quest for truth as science or the usefulness of people? I was constantly worried about things like that. The University of Tokyo, which I work on, has science classes I and II, and you can choose your own course after entering. I think it's a very good system in itself, but when I was in high school I was very fond of mathematics and physics, so I wanted to do physics and mathematics in the Faculty of Science, but society. I was a little worried that I would be separated from. So at that time, I went to ask various teachers at the University of Tokyo, and I went alone. University may seem like a high threshold, but if you hit the door yourself, the teachers will be happy to talk to you. When I was doing that, I was told, "Don't worry, because really new things are always useful," and I gave examples of transistors and lasers. As Mr. Son mentioned, the transistor changed the world by creating a computer. With that in mind, I was also interested in artistic things when deciding on a career path, so I was worried until I was in the second year of college.
Phenomenon that when exposed to light, things cool instead of warming
Mr. Gogami: However, even if I had a chance to do physics, I wanted to understand what light is like as a science. The teacher I consulted with when I was in the first grade kept the words "for example, transistors and lasers" in my head, and said, "Yes, let's study light using lasers", so I entered the laboratory. I entered the laboratory as a master's degree in graduate school in 1980, and the laser was invented in 1960. So, 20 years after it was invented, the laser itself was in a state where there was a product in the laboratory. However, at that time, when trying to emit a laser beam of about 20 watts with the intensity of light, it was in a state of using a power supply of about 30 kW. So, when trying to do various interesting experiments with strong laser light, first prepare a large power supply and then use a 30 kW power supply. Since it produces tremendous heat, I will make a device to cool the laser. If you use a large laser, you can create a heated pool next to it. I was particularly interested in the phenomenon that things cool down rather than warm up when exposed to light. I've always wanted to do great things with it, and it's still going on. While working as the president, there is a laboratory in the immediate vicinity, but sometimes I am worried about it and I have no choice but to live. The important thing is that the laser that emitted 20 watts of light for a 30 kW power supply was like that around 1980 when I entered university, but now it emits a 10 watt laser. With that in mind, a 20 watt power supply is sufficient. The most efficient one is that we can now use more than 80% of electricity. So, using the laser light that I have been studying for a long time, that dream may become a reality. In other words, it is possible to prepare a strong light that is different from ordinary light, or a special, very beautiful and uniform light, but it is becoming clear that the reaction of matter is completely different by shining it. That's why, for example, research students are now developing epoch-making 3D printers that are popular now, and they are doing such things. What I am doing now is a lot of research that is very close to application, but what I am doing is what I am doing in the Faculty of Science.
It may be possible to make a machine by connecting aluminum and iron without using screws.
Mr. Gogami: Actually, there is not much boundary between what people use and how to unravel the principle. However, with various advances, we are now able to do things that we couldn't do at all. To give just one simple example, you can, for example, attach glass to metal. In order to bond it properly instead of using an adhesive, even if it is just warmed, the two will not stick because the melting temperature is completely different. However, if you shine a special light, a well-thought-out controlled light, on it, you can join it. In some cases, it may be possible to connect aluminum and iron. It is known from physical considerations that it does not connect even if it is warmed, but it can be understood from calculations that make full use of theoretical physics that it may stick when a special light is applied to it. I'm calling. I can't make it public in such a place, but I sometimes write a dissertation. However, in that case, it may be possible to make a machine without using screws. It's really epoch-making, isn't it? When a machine breaks, it's usually caused by loose screws. Exciting things like that come out one after another. That's why I still really see the mountains. The work of the president I am doing now is also important and very interesting, but I am doing it while thinking about what I want to do after that. There is such an exciting thing in the academic field, so I would like many of you who are gathering here to jump into that kind of place.
Why did you continue to play shogi when you were too weak?
Mr. Son: I'm still excited. It is wonderful. How was Mr. Hanyu? Mr. Hanyu: I first encountered shogi when I was 6 years old because of the "how to decide which mountain to climb". However, it is not about deciding the future with that, but playing baseball, playing soccer, playing radio control, playing diamond games, etc., is one of the so-called popular games when I was a kid. As it happened, there was a shogi game. My parents don't actually play shogi, so I had a friend of a classmate who went out to play every day, and that friend wanted to play shogi. I came across shogi, such as the scissors shogi that I take, or something that I really play with that piece. After a while, I didn't play shogi with that friend, and I was playing with something different, but after about half a year, I went out because there was a local tournament, and I was able to beat that friend. I was wondering if shogi was so strong, but I was easily defeated. Mr. Son: Did you lose? Mr. Hanyu: Yes, I was easily defeated and failed to qualify. 1 win and 2 losses. Mr. Son: I missed the qualifying round (laughs). Mr. Hanyu: So, for the first time, you learned about the shogi dojo. Normally, there are dans and grades, and the lowest grade is the 8th grade, but the people who are the seat owners are so weak that I can't do it at the 8th grade, so if I start about 15th grade When. Even if I started at the 15th grade, it was too weak and I probably couldn't win at all in the first month or two. Son: Is that so? Was it already strong from the beginning? Mr. Hanyu: No, it was very weak at first. One of the reasons I went to the shogi dojo was because I lived in a place a little far from the city, so on weekends my family goes shopping to the town. It's a lot of work to shop when children are around, so while I'm shopping for 3 or 4 hours, I fill up the shogi at the shogi dojo, and when I finish shopping, I'm picked up and go home. It was a shape. So, during those 3 or 4 hours, I played shogi as much as possible, and when I won for the first time, I was only from the 10th grade from the seat owner, and from the 8th grade (laughs). Suddenly he gave me 5 stages, and then I was enthusiastic about shogi because it was very interesting, and I continued. However, to become a professional shogi player, I had to enroll in a training school called an incentive association, which I entered when I was a teenager. It was when I was 11 years old in the 5th grade of elementary school that I started working at my teacher in my career. I was in the 5th grade of elementary school, so at that time, I had no intention of becoming a professional shogi player, becoming a master, or playing a game. However, I entered with the feeling that I wish I could continue playing my favorite shogi. However, when we enter the incentive party, a wide range of people, from children around 6 years old to elderly people, have been playing games at the dojo, and of course there is a match, but it is friendly. When it enters a training institution that aims to become a professional, there is an age limit, and you have to take a certain step before you reach a certain age. That's why people and people who are in sync with me are steadily leaving. When I was in the first grade of junior high school, there was a misnomer about how much playfulness I had, but even if I went with a carefree feeling, those people who were really serious and depressed, and those people actually left. Looking at it, I thought that I had to do this very hard, and I had to make a really serious effort. So, I actually became a professional in the third year of junior high school, so I was a student, but I was a member of society. There was something very impressive at that time, when I became a professional at the age of 15 or 16, and I played games until late at night, for example, by 12:00 or 1:00 at night. From there, I went to something like an impression battle again, and at 3 o'clock in the middle of the night or something like that, even when I was a teenager. And, of course, there are no trains, so when the first train comes out, I get on the train, get on the bus, and go home, but when I come back, many people will come back from now on. You go to work or school. When I was going back in the opposite direction, I realized that the feeling of being completely off the road was that I started climbing a different mountain in a place completely different from other people. .. However, I already chose it by my own will, so I thought that it was the only way to go. I also often thought about this, but when I was a high school student, there were various career paths, whether to go on to school or work, and the people around me were seriously worried. So, when I saw that troubled figure, I thought it was nice and enviable. In other words, at the time of that high school student, the way to go was decided, and of course I didn't regret it, but I had the feeling that I wanted to worry about such things or get lost. bottom.
Complimented experience, successful experience will be the driving force
Mr. Son: I see. No, I think all three are really interesting, but what's impressive is that they all got so good that they were depressed and excited because they failed in the process. But I think it's very energetic to be praised. Like myself, my dad is a stupid parent who can get super. I'm terribly complimenting you. When I was 5 or 6 years old, if I had one thing, it would be irrelevant. If I said "1 + 1?" And "2", I would just fall off the chair. You say, "You are a genius!" When I think about it now, I can't really express it, but I'm saying it from the bottom of my heart. Then, I'm glad that my parents praise me, so I want to feel that joy again, and the pleasure of my brain is strengthened. You've failed a difficult experiment, and then you're shit again, so when you succeed, you're really happy, right? More than when you fail. Mr. Yamanaka: Is that exactly the case, and is it praised? It was the exact opposite of my first experiment, and it was the teacher, not me, who made that prediction. The point is, what the teacher said was a lie and the opposite, which made me excited, but I was very lucky that the teacher was also a really wonderful person and my result. On the contrary, it wouldn't be strange to get angry if it was normal, but the teacher was excited with me saying "Oh, it's funny!". If I was so excited about it and the teacher was sick, I might have wondered if I was different, but he said he was happy with me. That story is about Japan, but when I went to the United States, I experimented to test the boss's hypothesis, but something completely different happened, and I was excited and the United States. The teacher was happy with me. That's why it's called enrollment. Without that, research and research would be far more unsuccessful than successful, so for baseball, if you hit 30%, you'll succeed, and if you hit 40%, you'll be super super. I'm a star, but if you think about it, Ichiro can't hit 60% of the hits. Experiments have a lower success rate, so on average it's probably less than 10%, 20%, in short, it's amazing if you do 10 times and succeed twice, so if you figure out 30%, you will be asked "Are you okay?" increase. Most of them are failures, so if you don't have a person who will enroll you at the time of the failure, and a teacher who will be happy with you when you succeed at 10%, you will not be able to do research.
I've been thinking about what kind of new experiment I'm going to do
Mr. Son: After all, are you really happy when Professor Gogami also succeeds? Mr. Gogami: That's right. When I recall now, it was the theme I was given when I was in my first year of master's degree, but I kept thinking about what kind of new experiments I would do there every day. At one point, I was listening to a lecture by a completely different teacher, and using that as a hint, I had an experiment that came to my mind during class, and I tried it myself. I'm still in my first year of master's degree, so I'm not good at experiments. However, the experiment I designed was successful. So I was so excited and it was so excited that I got my PhD on that subject. From now on, this is a complete beginner's luck, and despite the poor experimentation that is still toddler as an experimenter, I was lucky enough to get the results I expected. The excitement of meeting and coming up with it myself drew me into the fun of research. Without it, I wouldn't be here right now, and I think it's likely that I'm living a completely different life. Mr. Son: After all, the excitement of the brain is a strong encollege.で、羽生さんも最初弱くて負けてばっかりで、最初に勝ったときって興奮したでしょ？羽生氏：そうですね。というか、どうやって将棋が勝てるかっていうことが、そもそも知らなかったので、こうやったら詰んで終わりというのは何カ月も経たないとわからなかったというのはあります。十代のときにすごく強烈だったことは、将棋の世界だと、江戸時代に作った詰め将棋の難しい問題集が200題あって、それを基礎的なトレーニングとして解くっていうのが練習であったんですね。それが一番短いので11手詰めで、一番長いので600ぐらいかかる詰め将棋なんです。とにかく1日で1題解ければラッキーで、1カ月解けないとかはざら。孫氏：1カ月も解けないのですか？羽生氏：1カ月解けないのはざらなんです。で、たぶん200題解くのに7年ぐらいかかっているんですけど、どうしてそれを続けられたかというと、それを解いたときの手順の芸術性が素晴らしいんですね。よくこんな作品を、つまり完全な作品として、しかも江戸時代なので遥か昔の人たちが作りあげたなあっていう、その精巧さとか、よくこういうアイデアとか発想をちゃんと一つのルール、制約の中に作ったなあというがずっと続いてきていて。だからその時間帯としてはすごく苦しいとか葛藤しているとか、わからないという時間が、最後のこれが解けたとか、わかったときに、その作品が本当に素晴らしくて芸術性の高いものだとわかったっていう、そのほんのわずかな、ほんのちょっとした時間のために、時間を費やすことも苦にならなかったということがあります。
![10th generation Core i5 equipped 9.5h drive mobile notebook is on sale at 50,000 yen level [Cool by Evo Book]](https://website-google-hk.oss-cn-hongkong.aliyuncs.com/drawing/article_results_9/2022/3/9/4a18d0792cae58836b71b9f591325261_0.jpeg "10th generation Core i5 equipped 9.5h drive mobile notebook is on sale at 50,000 yen level [Cool by Evo Book]")
![[Amazon time sale in progress! ] 64GB microSD card of 1,266 yen and wireless earphone with noise canceling function of 52% off, etc.](https://website-google-hk.oss-cn-hongkong.aliyuncs.com/drawing/article_results_9/2022/3/9/c88341f90bab7fe3ce1dc78d8bd6b02d_0.jpeg "[Amazon time sale in progress! ] 64GB microSD card of 1,266 yen and wireless earphone with noise canceling function of 52% off, etc.")
